{"id":1598,"date":"2013-06-05T19:00:07","date_gmt":"2013-06-05T11:00:07","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.huzs.top\/?p=1598"},"modified":"2013-06-05T19:00:07","modified_gmt":"2013-06-05T11:00:07","slug":"linux%e4%b8%addd%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4%e8%af%a6%e8%a7%a3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.huzs.top\/?p=1598","title":{"rendered":"Linux\u4e2ddd\u547d\u4ee4\u8be6\u89e3"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>\u4e00\u3001dd\u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n<p>dd\uff1a\u7528\u6307\u5b9a\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u5757\u62f7\u8d1d\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u62f7\u8d1d\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u82e5\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5217\u5b57\u7b26\u7ed3\u5c3e\uff0c\u5219\u4e58\u4ee5\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u6570\u5b57\uff1ab=512\uff1bc=1\uff1bk=1024\uff1bw=2<\/p>\n<p>\u53c2\u6570\u6ce8\u91ca\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\t<\/p>\n<li>if=\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\uff1a\u8f93\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\uff0c\u7f3a\u7701\u4e3a\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u3002\u5373\u6307\u5b9a\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u3002&lt; if=input file &gt;<\/li>\n<p>\t<\/p>\n<li>of=\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\uff1a\u8f93\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\uff0c\u7f3a\u7701\u4e3a\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\u3002\u5373\u6307\u5b9a\u76ee\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002&lt; of=output file &gt;<\/li>\n<p>\t<\/p>\n<li>ibs=bytes\uff1a\u4e00\u6b21\u8bfb\u5165bytes\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u5373\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5757\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3abytes\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u3002<br \/>obs=bytes\uff1a\u4e00\u6b21\u8f93\u51fabytes\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u5373\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5757\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3abytes\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u3002<br \/>bs=bytes\uff1a\u540c\u65f6\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8bfb\u5165\/\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u5757\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3abytes\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u3002<\/li>\n<p>\t<\/p>\n<li>cbs=bytes\uff1a\u4e00\u6b21\u8f6c\u6362bytes\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u5373\u6307\u5b9a\u8f6c\u6362\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u5927\u5c0f\u3002<\/li>\n<p>\t<\/p>\n<li>skip=blocks\uff1a\u4ece\u8f93\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u5f00\u5934\u8df3\u8fc7blocks\u4e2a\u5757\u540e\u518d\u5f00\u59cb\u590d\u5236\u3002<\/li>\n<p>\t<\/p>\n<li>seek=blocks\uff1a\u4ece\u8f93\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6\u5f00\u5934\u8df3\u8fc7blocks\u4e2a\u5757\u540e\u518d\u5f00\u59cb\u590d\u5236\u3002<br \/>\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u901a\u5e38\u53ea\u7528\u5f53\u8f93\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u78c1\u76d8\u6216\u78c1\u5e26\u65f6\u624d\u6709\u6548\uff0c\u5373\u5907\u4efd\u5230\u78c1\u76d8\u6216\u78c1\u5e26\u65f6\u624d\u6709\u6548\u3002<\/li>\n<p>\t<\/p>\n<li>count=blocks\uff1a\u4ec5\u62f7\u8d1dblocks\u4e2a\u5757\uff0c\u5757\u5927\u5c0f\u7b49\u4e8eibs\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u6570\u3002<\/li>\n<p>\t<\/p>\n<li>conv=conversion\uff1a\u7528\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u8f6c\u6362\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n<p><\/ol>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\t<\/p>\n<li>ascii\uff1a\u8f6c\u6362ebcdic\u4e3aascii<\/li>\n<p>\t<\/p>\n<li>ebcdic\uff1a\u8f6c\u6362ascii\u4e3aebcdic<\/li>\n<p>\t<\/p>\n<li>ibm\uff1a\u8f6c\u6362ascii\u4e3aalternate ebcdic<\/li>\n<p>\t<\/p>\n<li>block\uff1a\u628a\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3acbs\uff0c\u4e0d\u8db3\u90e8\u5206\u7528\u7a7a\u683c\u586b\u5145<\/li>\n<p>\t<\/p>\n<li>unblock\uff1a\u4f7f\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u90fd\u4e3acbs\uff0c\u4e0d\u8db3\u90e8\u5206\u7528\u7a7a\u683c\u586b\u5145<\/li>\n<p>\t<\/p>\n<li>lcase\uff1a\u628a\u5927\u5199\u5b57\u7b26\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5c0f\u5199\u5b57\u7b26<\/li>\n<p>\t<\/p>\n<li>ucase\uff1a\u628a\u5c0f\u5199\u5b57\u7b26\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5927\u5199\u5b57\u7b26<\/li>\n<p>\t<\/p>\n<li>swab\uff1a\u4ea4\u6362\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u6bcf\u5bf9\u5b57\u8282<\/li>\n<p>\t<\/p>\n<li>noerror\uff1a\u51fa\u9519\u65f6\u4e0d\u505c\u6b62<\/li>\n<p>\t<\/p>\n<li>notrunc\uff1a\u4e0d\u622a\u77ed\u8f93\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6<\/li>\n<p>\t<\/p>\n<li>sync\uff1a\u5c06\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8f93\u5165\u5757\u586b\u5145\u5230ibs\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u4e0d\u8db3\u90e8\u5206\u7528\u7a7a\uff08NUL\uff09\u5b57\u7b26\u8865\u9f50\u3002<!--more--><\/li>\n<p><\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2>\u4e8c\u3001dd\u5e94\u7528\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/h2>\n<p>1.\u5c06\u672c\u5730\u7684\/dev\/hdb\u6574\u76d8\u5907\u4efd\u5230\/dev\/hdd<\/p>\n<p>heng@me: dd if=\/dev\/hdb of=\/dev\/hdd<\/p>\n<p>2.\u5c06\/dev\/hdb\u5168\u76d8\u6570\u636e\u5907\u4efd\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u8def\u5f84\u7684image\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n<p>heng@me: dd if=\/dev\/hdb of=\/root\/image<\/p>\n<p>3.\u5c06\u5907\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6\u6062\u590d\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u76d8<\/p>\n<p>heng@me: dd if=\/root\/image of=\/dev\/hdb<\/p>\n<p>4.\u5907\u4efd\/dev\/hdb\u5168\u76d8\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e76\u5229\u7528gzip\u5de5\u5177\u8fdb\u884c\u538b\u7f29\uff0c\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u8def\u5f84<\/p>\n<p>heng@me: dd if=\/dev\/hdb | gzip &gt; \/root\/image.gz<\/p>\n<p>5.\u5c06\u538b\u7f29\u7684\u5907\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6\u6062\u590d\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u76d8<\/p>\n<p>heng@me: gzip -dc \/root\/image.gz | dd of=\/dev\/hdb<\/p>\n<p>6.\u5907\u4efd\u4e0e\u6062\u590dMBR<\/p>\n<p>\u5907\u4efd\u78c1\u76d8\u5f00\u59cb\u7684512\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u5927\u5c0f\u7684MBR\u4fe1\u606f\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>heng@me: dd if=\/dev\/hda of=\/root\/image count=1 bs=512<\/p>\n<p>count=1\u6307\u4ec5\u62f7\u8d1d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5757\uff1bbs=512\u6307\u5757\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a512\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6062\u590d\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>heng@me: dd if=\/root\/image of=\/dev\/had<\/p>\n<p>\u5c06\u5907\u4efd\u7684MBR\u4fe1\u606f\u5199\u5230\u78c1\u76d8\u5f00\u59cb\u90e8\u5206<\/p>\n<p>7.\u5907\u4efd\u8f6f\u76d8<\/p>\n<p>heng@me: dd if=\/dev\/fd0 of=disk.img count=1 bs=1440k (\u5373\u5757\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a1.44M)<\/p>\n<p>8.\u62f7\u8d1d\u5185\u5b58\u5185\u5bb9\u5230\u786c\u76d8<\/p>\n<p>heng@me: dd if=\/dev\/mem of=\/root\/mem.bin bs=1024 (\u6307\u5b9a\u5757\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a1k)<\/p>\n<p>9.\u62f7\u8d1d\u5149\u76d8\u5185\u5bb9\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\uff0c\u5e76\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e3acd.iso\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n<p>heng@me: dd if=\/dev\/cdrom(hdc) of=\/root\/cd.iso<\/p>\n<p>10.\u589e\u52a0swap\u5206\u533a\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\uff1a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a256M\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>heng@me: dd if=\/dev\/zero of=\/swapfile bs=1024 count=262144<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\uff1a\u628a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u53d8\u6210swap\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>heng@me: mkswap \/swapfile<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b65\uff1a\u542f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2aswap\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>heng@me: swapon \/swapfile<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u56db\u6b65\uff1a\u7f16\u8f91\/etc\/fstab\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f7f\u5728\u6bcf\u6b21\u5f00\u673a\u65f6\u81ea\u52a8\u52a0\u8f7dswap\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\/swapfile swap swap default 0 0<\/p>\n<p>11.\u9500\u6bc1\u78c1\u76d8\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n<p>heng@me: dd if=\/dev\/urandom of=\/dev\/hda1<\/p>\n<p>\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u5229\u7528\u968f\u673a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u586b\u5145\u786c\u76d8\uff0c\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u573a\u5408\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u9500\u6bc1\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>12.\u6d4b\u8bd5\u786c\u76d8\u7684\u8bfb\u5199\u901f\u5ea6<\/p>\n<p>heng@me: dd if=\/dev\/zero bs=1024 count=1000000 of=\/root\/1Gb.file<\/p>\n<p>heng@me: dd if=\/root\/1Gb.file bs=64k | dd of=\/dev\/null<\/p>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4e24\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba1\u7b97\u51fa\u786c\u76d8\u7684\u8bfb\u3001\u5199\u901f\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>13.\u786e\u5b9a\u786c\u76d8\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u5757\u5927\u5c0f\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>heng@me: dd if=\/dev\/zero bs=1024 count=1000000 of=\/root\/1Gb.file<\/p>\n<p>heng@me: dd if=\/dev\/zero bs=2048 count=500000 of=\/root\/1Gb.file<\/p>\n<p>heng@me: dd if=\/dev\/zero bs=4096 count=250000 of=\/root\/1Gb.file<\/p>\n<p>heng@me: dd if=\/dev\/zero bs=8192 count=125000 of=\/root\/1Gb.file<\/p>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u6bd4\u8f83\u4ee5\u4e0a\u547d\u4ee4\u8f93\u51fa\u4e2d\u6240\u663e\u793a\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u786e\u5b9a\u7cfb\u7edf\u6700\u4f73\u7684\u5757\u5927\u5c0f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>14.\u4fee\u590d\u786c\u76d8\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>heng@me: dd if=\/dev\/sda of=\/dev\/sda \u6216dd if=\/dev\/hda of=\/dev\/hda<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u786c\u76d8\u8f83\u957f\u65f6\u95f4(\u4e00\u5e74\u4ee5\u4e0a)\u653e\u7f6e\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u540e\uff0c\u78c1\u76d8\u4e0a\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751fmagnetic flux point\uff0c\u5f53\u78c1\u5934\u8bfb\u5230\u8fd9\u4e9b\u533a\u57df\u65f6\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u56f0\u96be\uff0c\u5e76\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4I\/O\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u5f53\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u5f71\u54cd\u5230\u786c\u76d8\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6247\u533a\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u786c\u76d8\u62a5\u5e9f\u3002\u4e0a\u8fb9\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u4f7f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570 \u636e\u8d77\u6b7b\u56de\u751f\u3002\u5e76\u4e14\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u662f\u5b89\u5168\u3001\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>15.\u5229\u7528netcat\u8fdc\u7a0b\u5907\u4efd<\/p>\n<p>heng@me: dd if=\/dev\/hda bs=16065b | netcat &lt; targethost-IP &gt; 1234<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u6e90\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0a\u6267\u884c\u6b64\u547d\u4ee4\u5907\u4efd\/dev\/hda<\/p>\n<p>heng@me: netcat -l -p 1234 | dd of=\/dev\/hdc bs=16065b<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u76ee\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0a\u6267\u884c\u6b64\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u63a5\u6536\u6570\u636e\u5e76\u5199\u5165\/dev\/hdc<\/p>\n<p>heng@me: netcat -l -p 1234 | bzip2 &gt; partition.img<\/p>\n<p>heng@me: netcat -l -p 1234 | gzip &gt; partition.img<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4e24\u6761\u6307\u4ee4\u662f\u76ee\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u5206\u522b\u91c7\u7528bzip2\u3001gzip\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u538b\u7f29\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5907\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n<p>16.\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u89c6\u9891\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2ci\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u503c\u6539\u62100x41\uff08\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5927\u5199\u5b57\u6bcdA\u7684ASCII\u503c\uff09<\/p>\n<p>echo A | dd of=bigfile seek=$i bs=1 count=1 conv=notrunc<\/p>\n<h2>\u4e09\u3001\/dev\/null\u548c\/dev\/zero\u7684\u533a\u522b<\/h2>\n<p>\/dev\/null\uff0c\u5916\u53f7\u53eb\u65e0\u5e95\u6d1e\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5411\u5b83\u8f93\u51fa\u4efb\u4f55\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5b83\u901a\u5403\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6491\u7740\uff01<\/p>\n<p>\/dev\/zero\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f93\u5165\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4f60\u7528\u5b83\u6765\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u8be5\u8bbe\u5907\u65e0\u7a77\u5c3d\u5730\u63d0\u4f9b0\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4efb\u4f55\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u7684\u6570\u76ee\u2014\u2014\u8bbe\u5907\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u8981\u591a\u7684\u591a\u3002\u4ed6\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u5411\u8bbe\u5907\u6216\u6587\u4ef6\u5199\u5165\u5b57\u7b26\u4e320\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\/dev\/null\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u662f\u7a7a\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u4e5f\u79f0\u4e3a\u4f4d\u6876\uff08bit bucket\uff09\u3002\u4efb\u4f55\u5199\u5165\u5b83\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u629b\u5f03\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u60f3\u8ba9\u6d88\u606f\u4ee5\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\u663e\u793a\u6216\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u6d88\u606f\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5230\u4f4d\u6876\u3002<\/p>\n<div>heng@me:if=\/dev\/zero of=.\/test.txt bs=1k count=1<\/div>\n<p><\/p>\n<div>heng@me:ls \u2013l<\/div>\n<p><\/p>\n<div>total 4<br \/>-rw-r&#8211;r&#8211; 1 oracle dba 1024 Jul 15 16:56 test.txt<br \/>heng@me:find \/ -name access_log 2&gt;\/dev\/null<\/div>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3>3.1\u4f7f\u7528\/dev\/null<\/h3>\n<p>\u628a\/dev\/null\u770b\u4f5c\u201d\u9ed1\u6d1e\u201d\uff0c \u5b83\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ea\u5199\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u5199\u5165\u5b83\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u90fd\u4f1a\u6c38\u8fdc\u4e22\u5931.\uff0c\u800c\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4ece\u5b83\u90a3\u513f\u8bfb\u53d6\u5185\u5bb9\u5219\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e5f\u8bfb\u4e0d\u5230\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c \/dev\/null\u5bf9\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u548c\u811a\u672c\u90fd\u975e\u5e38\u7684\u6709\u7528<\/p>\n<p>\u7981\u6b62\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa<\/p>\n<p>heng@me:cat $filename &gt;\/dev\/null #\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u4e22\u5931\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8f93\u51fa\u5230\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa.<\/p>\n<p>\u7981\u6b62\u6807\u51c6\u9519\u8bef<\/p>\n<p>heng@me:rm $badname 2&gt;\/dev\/null #\u8fd9\u6837\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f[\u6807\u51c6\u9519\u8bef]\u5c31\u88ab\u4e22\u5230\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u53bb\u4e86<\/p>\n<p>\u7981\u6b62\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\u548c\u6807\u51c6\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u8f93\u51fa<\/p>\n<p>heng@me:cat $filename 2&gt;\/dev\/null &gt;\/dev\/null<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u201d$filename\u201d\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5c06\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u63d0\u793a\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u201d$filename\u201d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c \u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6253\u5370\u5230\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8f93\u51fa\u4efb\u4f55\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u5f53\u53ea\u60f3\u6d4b\u8bd5\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u9000\u51fa\u7801\u800c\u4e0d\u60f3\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u8f93\u51fa\u65f6\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>3.2\u4f7f\u7528\/dev\/zero<\/h3>\n<p>\u50cf\/dev\/null\u4e00\u6837\uff0c \/dev\/zero\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c \u4f46\u5b83\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u4ea7\u751f\u8fde\u7eed\u4e0d\u65ad\u7684null\u7684\u6d41\uff08\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u7684\u96f6\u6d41\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662fASCII\u578b\u7684\uff09\u3002 \u5199\u5165\u5b83\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u4f1a\u4e22\u5931\u4e0d\u89c1\uff0c \u800c\u4ece\/dev\/zero\u8bfb\u51fa\u4e00\u8fde\u4e32\u7684null\u4e5f\u6bd4\u8f83\u56f0\u96be\uff0c \u867d\u7136\u8fd9\u4e5f\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7od\u6216\u4e00\u4e2a\u5341\u516d\u8fdb\u5236\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u6765\u505a\u5230\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\/dev\/zero\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u7528\u5904\u662f\u7528\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u5b9a\u957f\u5ea6\u7528\u4e8e\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7684\u7a7a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u4e34\u65f6\u4ea4\u6362\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7528\/dev\/zero\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ea4\u6362\u4e34\u65f6\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n<pre>#!\/bin\/bash<br># \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ea4\u6362\u6587\u4ef6.<br>ROOT_UID=0 # Root \u7528\u6237\u7684 $UID \u662f 0.<br>E_WRONG_USER=65 # \u4e0d\u662f root?<br>FILE=\/swap<br>BLOCKSIZE=1024<br>MINBLOCKS=40<br>SUCCESS=0<br># \u8fd9\u4e2a\u811a\u672c\u5fc5\u987b\u7528root\u6765\u8fd0\u884c.<br>if [ \"$UID\" -ne \"$ROOT_UID\" ]<br>then<br>echo; echo \"You must be root to run this script.\"; echo<br>exit $E_WRONG_USER<br>fi<br>blocks=${1:-$MINBLOCKS} # \u5982\u679c\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u6ca1\u6709\u6307\u5b9a\uff0c<br>#+ \u5219\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u768440\u5757.<br># \u4e0a\u9762\u8fd9\u53e5\u7b49\u540c\u5982\uff1a<br># --------------------------------------------------<br># if [ -n \"$1\" ]<br># then<br># blocks=$1<br># else<br># blocks=$MINBLOCKS<br># fi<br># --------------------------------------------------<br>if [ \"$blocks\" -lt $MINBLOCKS ]<br>then<br>blocks=$MINBLOCKS # \u6700\u5c11\u8981\u6709 40 \u4e2a\u5757\u957f.<br>fi<br>echo \"Creating swap file of size $blocks blocks (KB).\"<br>dd if=\/dev\/zero of=$FILE bs=$BLOCKSIZE count=$blocks # \u628a\u96f6\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6.<br>mkswap $FILE $blocks # \u5c06\u6b64\u6587\u4ef6\u5efa\u4e3a\u4ea4\u6362\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u6216\u79f0\u4ea4\u6362\u5206\u533a\uff09.<br>swapon $FILE # \u6fc0\u6d3b\u4ea4\u6362\u6587\u4ef6.<br>echo \"Swap file created and activated.\"<br>exit $SUCCESS<\/pre>\n<p>\u5173\u4e8e \/dev\/zero \u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\u662f\u4e3a\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u800c\u7528\u96f6\u53bb\u586b\u5145\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u5b9a\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c \u5982\u6302\u8f7d\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5230\u73af\u56de\u8bbe\u5907 \uff08loopback device\uff09\u6216&#8221;\u5b89\u5168\u5730&#8221; \u5220\u9664\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5b50\u521b\u5efaramdisk<\/p>\n<pre>#!\/bin\/bash<br># ramdisk.sh<br># \"ramdisk\"\u662f\u7cfb\u7edfRAM\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u4e00\u6bb5\uff0c<br>#+ \u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5f53\u6210\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u6765\u64cd\u4f5c.<br># \u5b83\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u662f\u5b58\u53d6\u901f\u5ea6\u975e\u5e38\u5feb (\u5305\u62ec\u8bfb\u548c\u5199).<br># \u7f3a\u70b9: \u6613\u5931\u6027, \u5f53\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u91cd\u542f\u6216\u5173\u673a\u65f6\u4f1a\u4e22\u5931\u6570\u636e.<br>#+ \u4f1a\u51cf\u5c11\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u7528\u7684RAM.<br># 10 # \u90a3\u4e48ramdisk\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f5c\u7528\u5462?<br># \u4fdd\u5b58\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u5728ramdisk, \u6bd4\u5982\u4e00\u5f20\u8868\u6216\u5b57\u5178,<br>#+ \u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u52a0\u901f\u6570\u636e\u67e5\u8be2, \u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u91cc\u67e5\u627e\u6bd4\u5728\u78c1\u76d8\u91cc\u67e5\u627e\u5feb\u5f97\u591a.<br>E_NON_ROOT_USER=70 # \u5fc5\u987b\u7528root\u6765\u8fd0\u884c.<br>ROOTUSER_NAME=root<br>MOUNTPT=\/mnt\/ramdisk<br>SIZE=2000 # 2K \u4e2a\u5757 (\u53ef\u4ee5\u5408\u9002\u7684\u505a\u4fee\u6539)<br>BLOCKSIZE=1024 # \u6bcf\u5757\u67091K (1024 byte) \u7684\u5927\u5c0f<br>DEVICE=\/dev\/ram0 # \u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a ram \u8bbe\u5907<br>username=`id -nu`<br>if [ \"$username\" != \"$ROOTUSER_NAME\" ]<br>then<br>echo \"Must be root to run \"`basename $0`\".\"<br>exit $E_NON_ROOT_USER<br>fi<br>if [ ! -d \"$MOUNTPT\" ] # \u6d4b\u8bd5\u6302\u8f7d\u70b9\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728\u4e86,<br>then #+ \u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u811a\u672c\u5df2\u7ecf\u8fd0\u884c\u4e86\u597d\u51e0\u6b21\u4e86\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u518d\u5efa\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e86<br>mkdir $MOUNTPT #+ \u56e0\u4e3a\u524d\u9762\u5df2\u7ecf\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86.<br>fi<br>dd if=\/dev\/zero of=$DEVICE count=$SIZE bs=$BLOCKSIZE<br><br># \u628aRAM\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u7528\u96f6\u586b\u5145.<br># \u4e3a\u4f55\u9700\u8981\u8fd9\u4e48\u505a?<br>mke2fs $DEVICE # \u5728RAM\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aext2\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf.<br>mount $DEVICE $MOUNTPT # \u6302\u8f7d\u8bbe\u5907.<br>chmod 777 $MOUNTPT # \u4f7f\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b58\u53d6\u8fd9\u4e2aramdisk.<br># \u4f46\u662f, \u53ea\u80fd\u7531root\u6765\u7f37\u8f7d\u5b83.<br>echo \"\"$MOUNTPT\" now available for use.\"<br># \u73b0\u5728 ramdisk \u5373\u4f7f\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u5b58\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u4e86.<br># \u6ce8\u610f, ramdisk\u662f\u6613\u5931\u7684, \u6240\u4ee5\u5f53\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7cfb\u7edf\u91cd\u542f\u6216\u5173\u673a\u65f6ramdisk\u91cc\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4f1a\u6d88\u5931.<br># \u62f7\u8d1d\u6240\u6709\u4f60\u60f3\u4fdd\u5b58\u6587\u4ef6\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c4\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b.<br># \u91cd\u542f\u4e4b\u540e, \u8fd0\u884c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u811a\u672c\u518d\u6b21\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u4e00\u4e2a ramdisk.<br># \u4ec5\u91cd\u65b0\u52a0\u8f7d \/mnt\/ramdisk \u800c\u6ca1\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u5c06\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6b63\u786e\u5de5\u4f5c.<br># \u5982\u679c\u52a0\u4ee5\u6539\u8fdb, \u8fd9\u4e2a\u811a\u672c\u53ef\u4ee5\u653e\u5728 \/etc\/rc.d\/rc.local,<br>#+ \u4ee5\u4f7f\u7cfb\u7edf\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u80fd\u81ea\u52a8\u8bbe\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2aramdisk.<br># \u8fd9\u6837\u5f88\u5408\u9002\u901f\u5ea6\u8981\u6c42\u9ad8\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u670d\u52a1\u5668.<br>exit 0<\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4e00\u3001dd\u547d\u4ee4 dd\uff1a\u7528\u6307\u5b9a\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u5757\u62f7\u8d1d\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u62f7\u8d1d\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\u3002 \u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u82e5\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5217\u5b57 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1598","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-linux"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.huzs.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1598","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.huzs.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.huzs.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.huzs.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.huzs.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1598"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.huzs.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1598\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.huzs.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1598"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.huzs.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1598"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.huzs.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1598"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}